Isoform-Selective HDAC Inhibitors May Improve Efficacy and Offer Reduced Adverse Effects Compared With Pan-HDAC Inhibitors
HDAC inhibitors are a class of compounds that inhibit histone deacetylases, a class of enzymes that remove acetyl groups from an amino acid on a histone. The term originates from the fact that these inhibitors were first identified as enzymes that function to remove acetyl groups from lysine residues on the N-terminal tails of histones. The inhibitors can be structurally classified into at least four classes: hydrox-amates, cyclic peptides, aliphatic acids and ben-zamides. HDAC inhibitors significantly impact several biological processes including development, proliferation, differentiation, and cell death. HDAC inhibitors induce cancer cell cycle arrest, differentiation and cell death, reduce angiogenesis and modulate immune response. HDACs also play significant role in gene expression, especially in prostate, gastric, lung, esophageal, colon, and breast cancers. High prevalence of cancer is expected to boost demand for HDAC inhibitors in Germany, Mexico, Japan and rest of the world....